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Acrp30

abbr. for adipocyte complement related protein of 30 kDa. The gene symbol is ADIPOQ [adiponectin, C1q and collagen domain containing].

This protein is produced exclusively in adipocytes (see also: adipokines). Its mRNA is induced over 100-fold during differentiation of adipocytes. Acrp30 is structurally similar to complement factor C1q and to a hibernation-specific protein isolated from the plasma of Siberian chipmunks. The protein forms large homo-oligomers that undergo a series of post-translational modifications (Scherer et al, 1995).

Secretion of Acrp30 is enhanced by insulin, and Acrp30 is an abundant serum protein. The protein is identical with Adiponectin. The term gAcrp30 (Fruebis et al, 2001) refers to the protease-generated pharmacologically active globular domain of adiponectin at the carboxyterminus of the protein, which is often being referred to as Adipolean (not found in the PubMed databank).

Adiponectin is a hormone that plays a role in the regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis (Tsao et al, 2002; Berg et al, 2002). Berg et al (2001) have reported that in isolated hepatocytes, Acrp30 increases the ability of sub-physiological levels of insulin to suppress glucose production. Thus, Acrp30 as a potent insulin enhancer can link adipose tissue and whole-body glucose metabolism. Combs et al (2001) ave shown that a moderate rise in circulating levels of Acrp30 inhibits both the expression of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes and the rate of endogenous glucose production.

LAST MODIFIED: September 2006

See REFERENCES for entry Acrp30

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