Pen(b) |
penetratin(43-58) |
Cytokeratin-18 M65 |
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Penetratin is a bioactive peptide (RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKKamide) corresponding to residues 43-58 of the third alpha-helix of the homeodomain of the Drosophila melanogaster homeoprotein Antennapedia (hence called also penetratin(43-58) or antennapedia(43-58)) (Derossi et al, 1994, 1996). Penetratin has been regarded to be the only element conferring the capacity on its parent polypeptide to penetrate through the plasma membrane. Wu and Gehring (2014) have reported that the complete Antennapedia homeodomain exhibits an appreciably higher level of translocation efficiency as compared to Penetratin. Thus, macropinocytosis is a major mechanism by which Antennapedia homeodomain obtains the access to the interior of cells.
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