VEGF-alpha |
VEGF-Axxx |
vasculogenesis |
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("x" for extended) This protein is an extended variant of VEGF-A containing a unique 22-amino-acid C terminus extension. This variant is generated by programmed translational readthrough, a process allowing translating ribosomes to traverse the canonical stop codon to a conserved, downstream stop codon. The process involves a cis-acting element in the VEGFA 3' UTR that encodes the appended peptide and also directs programmed translational readthrough by decoding the UGA stop codon as serine. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 binds this element and promotes readthrough. Unlike VEGF-A, VEGF-Ax blocks angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. VEGF-Ax shows robust expression in multiple human
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