vault particles |
vav |
big-big prolactin |
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[vault RNA]
abbr. vtRNAs or vRNAs (a term with multiple meanings) This term refers to at least 4 short non-coding RNAs of about 100 nucleotides (van Zon et al, 2001) that are components of very large (13 MDa) ribonucleoprotein particles known as vaults or vault particles. Vaults are localized predominantly in the cytoplasm but a small fraction of vaults is associated with the nucleus (for overview see van Zon et al, 2003). Vault RNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase III (Kickhoefer et al, 1993).
Vault particles are believed to be involved in multidrug resistance (Kitazono et al, 1999; 2001; Scheffler et al, 2000). Vaults are up-regulated in multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines
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