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mesothelial cells

collective term for flattened epithelial cells of mesenchymal origin that form as monolayer lining the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities of the body (Michailova and Usunoff, 2006). Mesothelial cells secrete glycosaminoglycans and surfactant to allow the parietal and visceral serosa to slide over each other. The term M cells is used occasionally to describe mesentery-derived mesothelial cells.

The mesothelium is a dynamic cellular membrane with many important functions such as transport and movement of fluid and particulate matter, leucokyte migration in response to inflammatory mediators, synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins, release of factors to promote both the deposition and clearance of fibrin, and antigen presentation. Mesothelial cells function as sentinel cells, sense and respond to signals within their microenvironment, and thus regulate serosal responses to injury, infection, and neoplastic diseases (Mutsaers, 2002; Mutsaers and Wilkosz, 2007; Yung and Chan, 2007; Witowski et al, 2008).

In response to stress, mesothelial cells can undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, which also markedly alters protein expression (Witowski et al, 2008). The malignant counterpart of mesothelial cells is mesothelioma (Yang et al, 2008). These cells are known to express proteins not expressed by the non-malignant cells (Gray et al, 2009).

Mesothelial cells have been shown to possess the capacity to express the proteins listed below. Please note the following general observation: expression may be influenced by tissue localization, may occur only in discrete subpopulations of cells, may vary between established cell lines, primary cells, embryonic cells, mature cells, fully differentiated cells, activated cells, non-activated cells or growth conditions (confluent vs. sparse cultures), may be influenced by various disease states (including cancer environment), and may differ between species.
Note also: expression profile information lists entities only for which there is an entry in COPE or one of its subdictionaries.

The meaning of • and •• is as follows: • factor/protein is expressed; •• receptor (or, in some instances, binding sites) for this factor/protein is expressed. For further explanations concerning format, "hidden" information, and/or ambiguities see my remarks in the entry cell types.

• 14-3-3-epsilon (YWHAE, Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation Protein-epsilon) (Sun et al, 2004)
• ADAMTS5 (Disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif-5, aggrecanase-2, implantin) (McCulloch et al, 2009)
• aFGF (acidic fibroblast growth factor, FGF-1, Fibroblast growth factor-1, FGF-alpha, Fibroblast growth factor-alpha, HBGF-1, heparin binding growth factor-1, Endothelial cell growth factor-alpha) (Bermudez et al, 1990; Kumar-Singh et al, 1999)
•• aFGF (acidic fibroblast growth factor, FGF-1, Fibroblast growth factor-1, FGF-alpha, Fibroblast growth factor-alpha, HBGF-1, heparin binding growth factor-1, Endothelial cell growth factor-alpha) receptors (Facco et al, 1998)
•• AGE (advanced glycosylation end product) receptors (Lai et al, 2004)
• AMF (TAMF, tumor autocrine motility factor, B16-F1 melanoma autocrine motility factor, Neuroleukin, NLK, phosphohexose isomerase, phosphoglucose isomerase, Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, PGI, AMF/PGI, GPI, GPI1, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 1, SA-36, sperm antigen 36) receptors (Funasaka et al, 2002)
•• angiotensin-2 receptors (Kiribayashi et al, 2005; Kuwahara et al, 2000; Kyuden et al, 2005; Noh et al, 2005; Wu et al, 2009)
• angiotensinogen (Kyuden et al, 2005; Noh et al, 2005)
• Annexin-1 (Annexin A1, ANX1, ANXA1, lipocortin-1, LPC1, LCT1, LC1, Lipo1, macrocortin, renocortin, lipomodulin, GIF, glycosylation inhibiting factor, CB9, chromobindin-9, calpactin-2) (Dreier et al, 1998)
•• Annexin-1 (Annexin A1, ANX1, ANXA1, lipocortin-1, LPC1, LCT1, LC1, Lipo1, macrocortin, renocortin, lipomodulin, GIF, glycosylation inhibiting factor, CB9, chromobindin-9, calpactin-2) receptors (Bandeira-Melo et al, 2005)
• Annexin-2 (Annexin A2, ANX2, ANXA2, PAP-4, placental anticoagulant protein 4, Lipocortin-2, Endonexin-2, Calpactin-1) (Dreier et al, 1998; Sun et al, 2004)
• annexin-4 (Dreier et al, 1998)

• basigin (BSG, CD147, EMMPRIN, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, 5A11, CE-9, Collagenase stimulatory factor, gp42, HT7, M6, neurothelin, Oka blood group antigen, OX47) (Ross et al, 1998)
• Beta-IG-H3 (TGF-beta-inducible gene H3, BIGH3, TGFBI, transforming growth factor-beta-induced 68 kDa protein, TGF-beta-induced 68 kDa protein, Kerato-epithelin, ODM-42-I, RGD-CAP, RGD-containing collagen-associated protein) (Park et al, 2007)
• bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor, FGF-2, Fibroblast growth factor-2, FGF-beta, Fibroblast growth factor-beta, HBGF-2, heparin binding growth factor-2) (Bermudez et al, 1990; Cronauer et al, 1999; Fujikawa et al, 2003; Jayne et al, 2000; Kumar-Singh et al, 1999; Liu et al, 2003; Ogata et al, 2001; Ogata et al, 2003; Ogata et al, 2004)
•• bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor, FGF-2, Fibroblast growth factor-2, FGF-beta, Fibroblast growth factor-beta, HBGF-2, heparin binding growth factor-2) receptors (Mutsaers et al, 1997; Pierro et al, 1996; Sako et al, 2003)
• BMP7 (bone morphogenetic protein-7, OP-1, osteogenic protein-1, Eptotermin alfa, Osigraft) (Yu et al, 2009)
•• BMP7 (bone morphogenetic protein-7, OP-1, osteogenic protein-1, Eptotermin alfa, Osigraft) receptors (Yu et al, 2009)
•• bradykinin (BK, BDK, BKN, Bradykinin(1-9), BK[1-9], Alpha-2-thiol proteinase inhibitor, Fitzgerald factor, Flaujeac factor, HMWK, HMWKa, High molecular weight kininogen, HMWK-kallikrein factor, KNG, KNG1, Kininogen, Kininogen-1, LMWK, Low molecular weight kininogen, Williams factor, Williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factor) receptors (Andre et al, 1998)

• CARD4 (caspase recruitment domain-containing protein-4, Nod-1, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 1) (Park et al, 2007)
• CCL1 (CC chemokine ligand 1, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1, SCYA1, I-309, TCA-3, T-cell activation-3, P500, SIS-epsilon) (Hoshino et al, 2007)
• CCL2 (CC chemokine ligand 2, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2, GDCF, Glioma-derived monocyte chemotactic factor-2, GDCF-2, HC11, JE, LDCF, MCAF, MCP, monocyte chemoattractant protein, MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, SMC-CF, smooth muscle cell chemotactic factor, TDCF, tumor-derived chemotactic factors, TSG-8, tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene sequence-8, SCYA2) (Antony et al, 1995; Fielding et al, 2005; Haslinger et al, 2001; Jonjic et al, 1992; Kato et al, 2004; Ksiazek et al, 2008; Li et al, 1998; Li et al, 2007; Man et al, 2003; Matsuo et al, 2006; Mey and Henkes, 2002; Mohammed et al, 1999; Park et al, 2007; Penido et al, 2008; Riese et al, 2004; Robson et al, 2001; Rong et al, 2002; Visser et al, 1998; Witowski et al, 2004)
• CCL3 (CC chemokine ligand 3, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3, MIP-1-alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-1-alpha, 464.1, GOS-19-1, L2G25B, LD78, LD78-alpha, SCI, stem cell inhibition factor, stem cell inhibitor, TY5, SCYA3, SCYA3L1) (Mohammed et al, 1999; Penido et al, 2008)
• CCL5 (CC chemokine ligand 5, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5, RANTES, EoCP-1, Eosinophil chemotactic polypeptide-1, SIS-delta, TCP228, T-cell-specific protein p228, SCYA5) (Basok et al, 2001; Hams et al, 2008; Katayama et al, 2002; Li et al, 1998; Man et al, 2003; Penido et al, 2008; Robson et al, 2001; Visser et al, 1998; Yu et al, 2008)
• CCL11 (CC chemokine ligand 11, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11, SCYA11, Eotaxin, Eotaxin-1) (Bandeira-Melo et al, 2005; Katayama et al, 2002)
• CCL25 (CC chemokine ligand 25, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 25, TECK, thymus-expressed chemokine, Ck-beta-15, Chemokine-beta-15, SCYA25) (Penido et al, 2008)
• CCR2 (CC-Chemokine receptor 2, CC-CKR2A, CCR2A, CC-CKR2B, CCR2B, MCP-1 receptor A, MCP-1 receptor B, CMKBR2, chemokine-beta receptor 2, CD192) (Nasreen et al, 2000)
• CD9 (602-29 antigen, ALB6 antigen, BA2, BTCC-1, DRAP-27, Diphtheria toxin receptor associated protein 27 kDa, GIG2, MIC3, MRP-1, Motility-related protein-1, NCA, neural cell surface antigen, p24, SH-9, TSPAN29, tetraspanin 29) (Faull et al, 2001)
• CD10 (CALLA, common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen; common ALL antigen, endopeptidase 24.11, enkephalinase, gp100, J5, MME, membrane metalloendopeptidase, NEP, neutral endopeptidase, EC3.4.24.11, neprilysin, neutral endopeptidase, neutral endopeptidase 24.11) (Kajiyama et al, 2002; Kondepudi and Johnson, 1993)
• CD11a (ITGAL, integrin-alpha-L, LFA-1, Ly15, Ly21, LFA-1, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, LFA-1-alpha, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1-alpha, neutrophil adherence receptor alpha-M subunit, OND(a), OND) (Amari et al, 2006)
• CD11c (CR4, complement receptor-4, iC3b receptor, ITGAX, integrin-alpha-X, Leu M5, myeloid membrane antigen, OX42, p150,95) (Berena andSun, 1993)
• CD13 (alanyl aminopeptidase, AAP, ANPEP, alpha-aminoacyl-peptide hydrolase (microsomal), aminopeptidase N, PEPN, APN, APM, aminopeptidase M, EC3.4.11.2, LAP1, microsomal aminopeptidase, MY7, MCS-2, gp150) Chen et al, 1996; Van Hal et al, 1992; Taylor et al, 2000)
 (Kajiyama et al, 2002)
• CD14 (endotoxin receptor, Leu M3, LPS-R, Mo2, MY4, myeloid cell-specific leucine-rich glycoprotein) (Kato et al, 2004)
• CD15 (3-FAL, 3-Fucosyl-N-Acetyllactosamine, 3-FL, 3-Fucosyl-lactosamine, 80H5, AGF 4.48, C3D-1, DAKO-M1, ELFT, ELAM-1 ligand fucosyltransferase, FAL, Fucosyl-N-Acetyllactosamine, 3-alpha-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine, FCT3A, alpha-3-fucosyltransferase, FUC-T-IV, fucosyltransferase 4, FUT-4, fucosyltransferase 4, LeuM1, LeX, Lewis X, X-hapten, hapten X, X-determinant, LNF-3, lacto-N-fucopentaose 3, LNFP-3, Lacto-N-Fucopentose 3 ceramide, MMA, My-1, myeloid-associated surface antigen, PMN7, polymorphonuclear leukocyte antigen 7, SSEA-1, stage-specific embryonic antigen-1) (Davidson et al, 2000)
• CD15s (CD15, 3-FAL, 3-Fucosyl-N-Acetyllactosamine, 3-FL, 3-Fucosyl-lactosamine, 80H5, AGF 4.48, C3D-1, DAKO-M1, ELFT, ELAM-1 ligand fucosyltransferase, FAL, Fucosyl-N-Acetyllactosamine, 3-alpha-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine, FCT3A, alpha-3-fucosyltransferase, FUC-T-IV, fucosyltransferase 4, FUT-4, fucosyltransferase 4, LeuM1, LeX, Lewis X, X-hapten, hapten X, X-determinant, LNF-3, lacto-N-fucopentaose 3, LNFP-3, Lacto-N-Fucopentose 3 ceramide, MMA, My-1, myeloid-associated surface antigen, PMN7, polymorphonuclear leukocyte antigen 7, SSEA-1, stage-specific embryonic antigen-1) (Davidson et al, 2000)
• CD26 (1F7, 2B9, 5F8, ACT-3, ADABP, ADA binding protein, ADCP2, adenosine deaminase complexing protein 2, BT5/9, DPCR1, DPP4, dipeptidyl peptidase 4, HAM.4, intestinal dipeptidyl peptidase, EC3.4.14.5, OX61, TA1, TA5/9, THAM, thymocyte-activating molecule, TP103, WC10 antigen, FAP-beta, Fibroblast activation protein-beta) (Kajiyama et al, 2002, 2007)
• CD29 (FNRB, fibronectin receptor beta subunit, ITGB1, integrin-beta-1, platelet protein GPIIa, VLA-beta, very late activation antigen-beta, VLA-beta-1, VLA-4 beta subunit) (Barth et al, 2002; Berken et al, 2003; Cannistra et al, 1994; Faull et al, 2001; Gardner et al, 1995; Leavesley et al, 1999; Lessan et al, 1999; Liaw et al, 2001; Ross et al, 1998; Tietze et al, 1999; Witz et al, 2000; Pae et al, 2008)
• CD31 (EndoCAM, endothelial cellular adhesion molecule, ER-MP12, PECAM-1, platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) (Bittinger et al, 1996; Klein et al, 1995)
• CD34 (hemopoietic progenitor cell antigen 1, HPCA1, gp105-120, BI.3C5, ICH3, MY10, 188.27) (Hernando et al, 1994; Vanderwinden et al, 2000)
• CD40 (Bp50, TNFRSF5, TNF receptor superfamily member 5) (Basok et al, 2001; GLik et al, 2005; Man et al, 2003; Wu et al, 2009; Yang et al, 2004; Zhang et al, 2006)
• CD44 (CD44H, AnWj blood group antigen, ECMR-3, extracellular matrix receptor-3, HCAM, homing-associated cell adhesion molecule, Hermes-1, Hermes antigen, HUTCH-1, Indian blood group antigen, In blood group antigen, Ly24, MC56, MDU2, MDU3, MIC4, MUC 2-63, OX49, PGP1, PGP1.1, phagocytic glycoprotein-1) (Cannistra et al, 1994; Chhieng et al, 2000; Faull et al, 2001; Gardner et al, 1995; Lessan et al, 1999; Ross et al, 1998; van Grevenstein et al, 2006; van Grevenstein et al, 2007)
• CD44H (CD44s, AnWj blood group antigen, ECMR-3, extracellular matrix receptor-3, HCAM, homing-associated cell adhesion molecule, Hermes-1, Hermes antigen, HUTCH-1, Indian blood group antigen, In blood group antigen, Ly24, MC56, MDU2, MDU3, MIC4, MUC 2-63, OX49, PGP1, PGP1.1, phagocytic glycoprotein-1) (Afify et al, 2007; Berner et al, 2000)
• CD44v6 (CD44H, AnWj blood group antigen, ECMR-3, extracellular matrix receptor-3, HCAM, homing-associated cell adhesion molecule, Hermes-1, Hermes antigen, HUTCH-1, Indian blood group antigen, In blood group antigen, Ly24, MC56, MDU2, MDU3, MIC4, MUC 2-63, OX49, PGP1, PGP1.1, phagocytic glycoprotein-1) (Afify et al, 2007)
• CD49a (ITGA1, integrin-alpha-1, VLA-1, very late activation antigen 1) (Barth et al, 2002; Liaw et al, 2001; Tietze et al, 1999)
• CD49b (Br alloantigen, DX5, ECMR-2, extracellular matrix receptor-2, GPIa, HPA-5, human platelet antigen-5, ITGA2, integrin-alpha-2, platelet glycoprotein Ia/IIa, VLA-2, very late activation antigen 2, VLAA2, VLA2 receptor alpha 2 subunit, Zav alloantigen) (Barth et al, 2002; Leavesley et al, 1999; Liaw et al, 2001; Ross et al, 1998; Tietze et al, 1999; Witz et al, 2000)
• CD49c (CSAT antigen band 2 protein, FRP-2, fusion regulatory protein-2, GAP-B3, galactoprotein B3, ITGA3, integrin-alpha-3, MSK18, VLA-3, very late activation antigen 3, VLAA3, VLA-3 receptor alpha 3 subunit) (Barth et al, 2002; Faull et al, 2001; Liaw et al, 2001; Ross et al, 1998; Tietze et al, 1999; Witz et al, 2000)
• CD49d (ITGA4, integrin-alpha-4, VLA-4, very late activation antigen 4, VLAA4, VLA4 receptor alpha 4 subunit) (Liaw et al, 2001)
• CD49e (fibronectin receptor alpha chain, FNRA, ITGA5, integrin-alpha-5, VLA-5, very late activation antigen 5, VLA-5-alpha) (Barth et al, 2002; Liaw et al, 2001; Ross et al, 1998; Sun et al, 2004; Pae et al, 2008)
• CD49f (ITGA6, integrin-alpha-6, platelet gpI, VLA-6, very late activation antigen 6, VLA-6 alpha chain) (Barth et al, 2002; Liaw et al, 2001)
• CD51 (ITGAV, integrin-alpha-V, L230, MSK8 vitronectin receptor VNRA, vitronectin receptor alpha subunit) (Barth et al, 2002; Liaw et al, 2001; Ross et al, 1998; Tietze et al, 1999; Pae et al, 2008)
• CD54 (7F7, BB2, human rhinovirus receptor, ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, IFN-gamma regulated human melanoma-associated antigen, Ly47, MALA-2, Me14-D12, P3.58) (Alkhamesi et al, 2005; Amari et al, 2006; Boulanger et al, 2002; Cannistra et al, 1994; Gardner et al, 1995; Hausmann et al, 2000; Jonjic et al, 1992; Klein et al, 1995; Teng et al, 2003; van Grevenstein et al, 2006, 2007; Welten et al, 2004; Yang et al, 2004; Yao et al, 2005; Zhang et al, 2006)
• CD59 (protectin, MIC11, MIN1, MIN2, MIN3, MSK21, HRF20, homologous restriction factor-20 kDa, MACIF, membrane attack complex inhibitory factor, MAC-IP, MAC-inhibitory protein, H19, MIRL, membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis, P18, 1F5, 16.3A5, BRIC 229, YTH 53.1) (Barbano et al, 1999)
• CD61 (CD61A, F4, F11, GPIIb/IIIa, HPA-1, human platelet antigen-1, HPA-4, human platelet antigen-4, ITGB3, integrin-beta-3, Pen alloantigen, Pen(a), Pen(b), PL(A1), platelet fibrinogen receptor beta subunit, platelet glycoprotein IIIa, GP3A, Yuk alloantigen, Yuk(a), Yuk(b), Zw alloantigen, Zw(a), Zw(b)) (Barth et al, 2002; Gardner et al, 1995; Liaw et al, 2001; Ross et al, 1998; Tietze et al, 1999; Pae et al, 2008)
• CD66e (CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen, CEACAM-5, CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 5, Meconium antigen 100) (van Niekerk et al, 1989)
• CD90 (5E10, OX7, Thy1 [thymus cell antigen 1, Thy1.1, Thy1.2) (Ross et al, 1998)
• CD95 (FAS, APO-1, apoptosis antigen-1, APT1, TNFRSF6, TNF receptor superfamily member 6, FASTM, FASL receptor) (Catalan et al, 2003)
• CD104 (A6 Antigen, ITGB4, integrin-beta-4, TSP-180, tumor-specific protein 180) (Barth et al, 2002)
• CD105 (E9 protein, endoglin, HHT1, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1, ORW, Osler-Rendu-Weber syndrome, ORW1, SH-2) (Ross et al, 1998)
• CD106 (alpha-4-beta-1 ligand, INCAM-110, inducible cellular adhesion molecule 110 kDa, VCAM-1, vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1) (Boulanger et al, 2002; Cannistra et al, 1994; Gardner et al, 1995; Jonjic et al, 1992; Klein et al, 1995; Sironi et al, 1994; Slack-Davis et al, 2009; Teng et al, 2003; van Grevenstein et al, 2006; van Grevenstein et al, 2007; Welten et al, 2004; Yamada et al, 1995)
• CD141 (thrombomodulin, TM, THBD, THRM, Alpha-Thrombomodulin, Beta-Thrombomodulin, fetomodulin, FM) (Ascoli et al, 1995; Verhagen et al, 1996; Iakhiaev et al, 2007)
• CD143 (ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme, angiotensin-1 converting enzyme, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase 1, EC3.4.15.1, kininase 2, peptidase P, peptidyl dipeptidase A) (Kyuden et al, 2005; Noh et al, 2005)
• CD151 (PETA-3, platelet-endothelial cell tetraspan antigen 3, SFA-1, SF-HT activated gene 1, TSPAN24, tetraspanin 24, RAPH, Raph blood group) (Ross et al, 1998)
• CD157 (BST-1, bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1, Bsta1, 114/A10, ADP-ribosyl cyclase-2, BP-3, BP-3/IF-7, Cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 2, EC3.2.2.5, Ly65, MO-5) (Ross et al, 1998)
• CD165 (AD2, A108, gp37) (Ross et al, 1998)
• CD166 (2117 antigen, ALCAM, Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule, BEN, CD6L-100, DM-GRASP, F84.1 antigen, HCA, Hematopoietic cell antigen, JC7, KG-CAM, MEMD, melanoma metastasizing clone D, metastasizing melanoma protein D, MuSC, Neurolin, SC-1) (Ross et al, 1998)
• CD174 (Lewis Y, LeY, Y-antigen, Y-determinant, Y-hapten, hapten Y) (Davidson et al, 2000)
• CD175 (Tn) (Davidson et al, 2000)
• CD249 (6C3, aminopeptidase A, angiotensinase A, APA, L-alpha-aspartyl(L-alpha-glutamyl)-peptide hydrolase, BP-1, BP-1/6C3 antigen, EAP, EC3.4.11.7, glutamyl aminopeptidase, gp160, RC38, ENPEP) (Kajiyama et al, 2002)
• CHI3L1 (chitinase 3-like-1, cartilage glycoprotein 39, gp39; gp39k HC-gp39, chondrocyte protein YKL40, YKL40, Chondrex) (Sun et al, 2004)
• collagen type 4 (COL4A1, collagen-4, collagen-4-alpha-1, Arresten, Canstatin, Tumstatin) (Witz et al, 2002)
• complement factor C3 (ECI, Eosinophil cytotoxicity inhibitor, C3-beta-c, complement factor C3b, ETF-3, embryotrophic factor-3, HSE-MSF, hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cell-derived migration stimulating factor) (Barbano et al, 1999)
• complement factor C4 (Barbano et al, 1999)
• complement factor C5 (Barbano et al, 1999)
• complement factor C6 (Barbano et al, 1999)
• complement factor C7 (Barbano et al, 1999)
• complement factor C8 (Barbano et al, 1999)
• complement factor C9 (Barbano et al, 1999)
• CTGF (Connective tissue growth factor, Hcs24, hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific gene product 24, Fisp-12, fibroblast inducible secreted protein-12, IGFBP8, Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-8, IGFBPrP2, Insulin-like growth factor binding protein related protein-2, Ecogenin, endochondral ossification genetic factor, CCN2) (Leung et al, 2009; Liu et al, 2006, 2007; Szeto et al, 2005; Zarrinkalam et al, 2003; Zhang et al, 2008)
•• CTGF (Connective tissue growth factor, Hcs24, hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific gene product 24, Fisp-12, fibroblast inducible secreted protein-12, IGFBP8, Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-8, IGFBPrP2, Insulin-like growth factor binding protein related protein-2, Ecogenin, endochondral ossification genetic factor, CCN2) receptors (Szeto et al, 2006)
• CXCL1 (CXC chemokine ligand 1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, SCYB1, CINC-1, Cytokine induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, fsp, fibroblast secretory protein, GRO1, GRO-alpha, KC, MGSA, melanoma growth stimulatory activity, MGSA-alpha, melanoma growth stimulatory activity-alpha, NAP-3, neutrophil-activating protein-3, N51) (Eigenbrod et al, 2009; Ksiazek et al, 2008; Park et al, 2007; Visser et al, 1998; Witowski et al, 2000; Yao et al, 2005)
• CXCL2 (CXC chemokine ligand 2, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2, CINC-2-alpha, Cytokine induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2-alpha, GRO2, growth-related oncogene-2, GRO-beta, growth regulated oncogene-beta, MIP-2-alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-2-alpha, MGSA-beta, melanoma growth stimulatory activity-beta, SCYB2) (Kato et al, 2004; Lee et al, 2005)
• CXCL3 (CXC chemokine ligand 3, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3, CINC-2-beta, Cytokine induced neutrophil chemoattractant-2-beta, DCIP-1, DC inflammatory protein-1, GRO3, GRO-gamma, growth regulated oncogene-gamma, growth-related oncogene-3, MGSA-gamma, melanoma growth stimulatory activity-gamma, MIP-2-beta, macrophage inflammatory protein-2-beta) (Kato et al, 2004; Lee et al, 2005)
• CXCL5 (CXC chemokine ligand 5, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5, ENA-78, Epithelial neutrophil-activating protein 78, epithelial cell-derived neutrophil attractant-78, LIX, LPS induced CXC chemokine, AMCF-2, Alveolar macrophage chemotactic factor-2, SCYB5) (McLoughlin et al, 2004)
• CXCL6 (CXC chemokine ligand 6, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6, GCP-2, granulocyte chemotactic peptide-2, CKA-3, chemokine alpha 3, SCYB6) (McLoughlin et al, 2004)
• CXCL10 (CXC chemokine ligand 10, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10, IP-10, INP-10, Interferon-inducible protein-10, IFN-inducible protein 10, immune protein-10; 10 kDa interferon-inducible protein, gamma-IP-10, CRG-2, cytokine responsive gene-2, C7, Ifi10, interferon-inducible-10, mob-1, SCYB10) (Mrstik et al, 2003; Visser et al, 1998)
• CXCL12 (CXC chemokine ligand 12, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12, IRH, intercrine reduced in hepatomas, hIRH, intercrine reduced in hepatomas, SDF-1-alpha, SDF-1-beta, SDF, SDF-1, Stromal cell-derived factor, Stromal cell-derived factor-1-alpha, Stromal cell-derived factor-1-beta, PBSF, pre-B-cell growth stimulating factor, TLSF, Thymic lymphoma cell stimulating factor, Thymic lymphoma cell stimulating factor-alpha, Thymic lymphoma cell stimulating factor-beta, TLSF-alpha, TLSF-beta, TPAR-1, TPA repressed gene-1, SCYB12) (Coulomb-L'Hermin et al, 1999; Foussat et al, 2001; Kajiyama et al, 2007)
• CXCL13 (CXC chemokine ligand 13, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13, BLC, B-lymphocyte chemoattractant, BCA-1, B-cell attracting chemokine 1, blr-1L, blr-1 ligand, Angie-2, SCYB13) (Kajiyama et al, 2008)
• CXCR4 (CXC-Chemokine receptor 4, LESTR, leukocyte-derived 7-transmembrane domain receptor, HUMSTR, NPYRL, neuropeptide Y receptor-like, NPY3R, neuropeptide Y receptor Y3, HM89, Fusin, LCR-1, FB22, LAP3, Lipopolysaccharide-associated protein 3, SDF-1 receptor, CD184) (Kajiyama et al, 2007, 2008)

• defensin-alpha-1 (Defensin-1, Alpha-Defensin-1, HNP-1, human neutrophil peptide-1, HP-1, DEFA1, MRS, myeloid-related sequence) (Grupp et al, 2007)
• defensin-alpha-3 (Alpha-Defensin-3, defensin-alpha-3, DEFA3, DEF3, HNP-3, human neutrophil peptide-3, HP-3) (Grupp et al, 2007)
• defensin-beta-1 (beta-Defensin-1, HBD-1, DEFB1, DEFB101) (Grupp et al, 2007)
• defensin-beta-2 (beta-Defensin-2, DEFB4, HBD-2, SAP-1, skin antimicrobial peptide 1) (Grupp et al, 2007; Hussain et al, 2008; Zarrinkalam et al, 2002)
• defensin-beta-3 (beta-Defensin-3, HBD-3, DEFB103) (Grupp et al, 2007)

• E-cadherin (epithelial cadherin, Arc-1, cadherin-1, CDH1, CAM 120/80, ECAD, L-CAM, liver cell adhesion molecule, Uvomorulin, CD324) (Strippoli et al, 2008)
•• EGF (epidermal growth factor, EGF-URO, HMGF, human milk growth factor, PGF, prostatic growth factor, beta-Urogastrone, URO, URG, Urogastrone, tooth-lid factor) receptors (HER1, human EGF receptor-1) (Bermudez et al, 1990; Demetri et al, 1989; Faull et al, 2001; Faux et al, 2000; Gabrielson et al, 1988; Leavesley et al, 1999; Liaw et al, 1998; Ohan et al, 1999; Palmer et al, 1999; Pierro et al, 1996; Van der Meeren et al, 1990; Zarrinkalam et al, 2002)

• endostatin (collagen type 18, collagen-18, HIAF-1, human inhibitor angiogenesis factor-1) (Nasreen et al, 2003, 2007)
• endothelin-1 (ET-1(1-21), ET-1) (Eid et al, 1994; Kimura et al, 2000; Kuwahara and Kuwahara, 1998; Kuwahara et al, 1992; Liu et al, 2008; Shimizu et al, 2006; Waters et al, 1997)
•• endothelin-1 (ET-1(1-21), ET-1) receptors (Kuwahara and Kuwahara, 1998; Morgera et al, 2003; Shimizu et al, 2006)
• endothelin-2 (ET-2) (Kimura et al, 2000)
• endothelin-3 (ET-3) (Kimura et al, 2000)
• erythropoietin (Epo, Ep, ECSA, erythroid colony stimulating activity, ESF, erythropoiesis stimulating factor) (Yasuda et al, 2002)
•• erythropoietin (Epo, Ep, ECSA, erythroid colony stimulating activity, ESF, erythropoiesis stimulating factor) receptors (Vorobiov et al, 2008)

•• factor Xa (FX, F10, coagulation factor X) receptors (Lee et al, 2005)
• FAS ligand (FASL, FASLG, APT1LG1, apoptosis antigen ligand 1, CD95 ligand, CD95L, APO-1 ligand, APTL, Apoptosis antigen ligand, TNF ligand superfamily member 6, TNFSF6, CD178) (Catalan et al, 2003)
• ferritin (H-Ferritin, FTH1, FTH, L-Ferritin, FTL, CD-GF, carcinoma-derived growth factor) (Aung et al, 2007)
• FGF-9 (Fibroblast growth factor-9, HBGF-9, heparin binding growth factor-9, GAF, glia activating factor) (Hashimoto et al, 2002)
• FGFR4 (fibroblast growth factor receptor-4, TKF, tyrosine kinase-related to fibroblast growth factor receptor, FREK, Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like embryonic kinase, JTK2, CD334) (Facco et al, 1998)
• fibronectin (FN, fibronectin-1, FN1, LETS, large external transformation-sensitive protein, Fibroblast surface antigen, SF antigen, SFA, CIg, CI globulin, cold-insoluble globulin, CSP, galactoprotein A, MSF, migration stimulating factor, Z protein) (Agarwal and Jain, 2009; Ciszewicz et al, 2007; Fujikawa et al, 2003; Kiribayashi et al, 2005; Ksiazek et al, 2009; Kuwahara et al, 1991; Liu et al, 2003; Liu et al, 2006; Noh et al, 2005; Peng et al, 2007; Shimizu et al, 2006; Witz et al, 2002; Zhang et al, 2005)
• flt-4 (Ando et al, 2005)

• gadd45 (growth arrest and DNA damage induced gene-45) (Crosby et al, 2000)
• gadd153 (growth arrest and DNA damage induced gene-153, DDIT3, DNA damage-inducible transcript-3, CHOP, C/EBP-homologous protein, CHOP-10, C/EBP-homologous protein-10, C/EBP-zeta, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein zeta) (Crosby et al, 2000)
•• Galectin-1 (Gal-1, LGALS1, galactose-specific soluble lectin 1, L-14-I, Lactose-binding lectin 1, S-Lac lectin 1, Galaptin) receptors (Allen et al, 1990)
• galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP, MAC2BP, M2BP, Mac-2-binding protein, TAA90K, Tumor-associated antigen 90K, serum protein 90K, L3 antigen, CyCAP, cyclophilin C-associated protein, alpha-2-SGP, alpha-2-seminoglycoprotein) (Zeimet et al, 2000)
• G-CSF (Granulocyte colony stimulating factor, CSF-3, colony stimulating factor-3, CSF-beta, colony stimulating factor-beta, G-CSA, granulocytic neutrophil colony stimulating activity, Pluripoietin-beta) (Demetri et al, 1989; Lanfrancone et al, 1992; Shukla et al, 2009; Witowski et al, 2007)
• glypican-3 (GPC3, MXR7, OCI-5) (Murthy et al, 2000)
• GM-CSF (Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, BPA, burst promoting activity, CSF-2, colony stimulating factor-2, GM-CSA, Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating activity, MGI-1GM, macrophage-granulocyte inducer, Pluripoietin-alpha) (Demetri et al, 1989; Lanfrancone et al, 1992)
• gp130 (IL6ST, IL6 signal transducer, CD130) (Fujino et al, 1996; Menet et al, 2001; Mey and Henkes, 2002)
• granulin (GRN, Acrogranin, PCDGF, PC cell-derived growth factor, epithelins, GEP, granulin/epithelin precursor) (Sun et al, 2004; Davidson et al, 2004)

• HAI-1 (HAI, HGF activator inhibitor type 1, Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor, SPINT1, serine peptidase inhibitor Kunitz type 1) (Akiyama et al, 2007)
• HB-EGF (Heparin binding EGF-like factor, Heparin binding EGF-like growth factor, par-2, prostate apoptosis response protein 2, DTR, Diphtheria toxin receptor) (Faull et al, 2001; Jayne et al, 2000)
•• HB-EGF (Heparin binding EGF-like factor, Heparin binding EGF-like growth factor, par-2, prostate apoptosis response protein 2, DTR, Diphtheria toxin receptor) receptors (Faull et al, 2001; Palmer et al, 1999)
• HER4 (human EGF receptor-4, erbB4, tyro2, tyrosine-protein kinase 2) (Faull et al, 2001)
• HGF (hepatocyte growth factor, HGF/SF, Hepatocyte growth factor-scatter factor, F-TCF, fibroblast tumor cytotoxic factor, HPTA, Hepatopoietin A, SF, scatter factor, TCF, tumor cytotoxic factor) Fujikawa et al, 2003; Kroczynska and Carbone, 2006; Miura et al, 2003; Naiki et al, 2005; Warn et al, 2001; Yu et al, 2009
•• HGF (hepatocyte growth factor, HGF/SF, Hepatocyte growth factor-scatter factor, F-TCF, fibroblast tumor cytotoxic factor, HPTA, Hepatopoietin A, SF, scatter factor, TCF, tumor cytotoxic factor) receptors (met) (Adamson and Bakowska, 2001; Adamson et al, 2000; Naiki et al, 2005; Rampino et al, 2001; Warn et al, 2001; Yashiro et al, 1996; Yu et al, 2009; Matsuoka et al, 2008)
• hsp27 (hsp27a, hsp27b, hsp27c, heat shock protein 27, HSPB1, heat shock 27 kDa protein 1, estrogen-regulated protein 24K, p29 estrogen receptor-associated protein, estrogen receptor-related protein, GC1, germ cell-dependent phosphoprotein-1) (Arbeiter et al, 2001; Kuo et al, 2009; Vargha et al, 2008)
• hsp47 (heat shock protein 47, RA-A47, Rheumatoid arthritis antigen A47, Colligin 2, J6, CBP2, Collagen-binding protein 2) (Mishima et al, 2003; Shioshita et al, 2000; Sun et al, 2004)
• hsp70 (heat shock protein 70) (Crosby et al, 2000; Shioshita et al, 2000)
• hsp72 (Bender et al, 2007, 2008; Bidmon et al, 2004; Endemann et al, 2007; Kuo et al, 2009; Ruffingshofer et al, 2003; Vargha et al, 2008)
• hsp90 (heat shock protein 90, HSPCA, HSPC1, Lipopolysaccharide-associated protein 2, LAP2, hsp90-alpha, hsp90-beta) (Arbeiter et al, 2001)
•• IFN-gamma (IFNG, interferon-gamma, Gamma-Interferon, gIFN) receptors (Goodman et al, 1992; Hatakeyama et al, 2007; Hausmann et al, 2000; Jonjic et al, 1992; Katayama et al, 2002; Man et al, 2003; Mohammed et al, 1999; Park et al, 2007; Robson et al, 2001; Stadlmann et al, 2006; Visser et al, 1998; Yang et al, 2004)
• IGF-1 (Insulin-like growth factor-1, Erythropoietic factor, mechano growth factor, MGF, ILGF1, somatomedin C, NSILA, non-suppressible insulin-like activity, Somatomedin A, Somatomedin C, sulfation factor) (Lee et al, 1993; van der Wal et al, 1997)
•• IGF-1 (Insulin-like growth factor-1, Erythropoietic factor, mechano growth factor, MGF, ILGF1, somatomedin C, NSILA, non-suppressible insulin-like activity, Somatomedin A, Somatomedin C, sulfation factor) receptors (IGF1R, CD221) (Lee et al, 1993; van der Wal et al, 1997)
• IGF-2 (Insulin-like growth factor-2, Growth-promoting activity for vascular endothelial cells, T3M-11-derived growth factor, ILGF2, MSA, multiplication stimulating activity, NSILA, non-suppressible insulin-like activity, Somatomedin A, sulfation factor, SGF, skeletal growth factor, HP1-SMP, HP3-SMP, Somatomedin/insulin-like growth factor-like polypeptides) (Rutten et al, 1995)
•• IGF-2 (Insulin-like growth factor-2, Growth-promoting activity for vascular endothelial cells, T3M-11-derived growth factor, ILGF2, MSA, multiplication stimulating activity, NSILA, non-suppressible insulin-like activity, Somatomedin A, sulfation factor, SGF, skeletal growth factor, HP1-SMP, HP3-SMP, Somatomedin/insulin-like growth factor-like polypeptides) receptors (IGF2R, CD222, mannose-6-phosphate receptor; MPR, CIM6PR, cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor, MPRI, MPR300) (Rutten et al, 1995)
• IGFBP1 (Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1, 34 k IGFBP, AFBP, amniotic fluid binding protein, Alpha-pregnancy-associated endometrial globulin, Binding protein-25, Binding protein-26, Binding protein-28, BP-34, BP-3A, endometrial protein 14, Growth hormone independent binding protein, IGF-BP25, PP12, placental protein 12, pregnancy-associated endometrial alpha-1-globulin) (Lee et al, 1993)
• IL1-alpha (IL1A, interleukin-1-alpha, BAF, B-cell activating factor, BCAF, B-cell activating factor, EP, endogenous pyrogens, LAF, lymphocyte activating factor, LEM, leukocyte endogenous mediator, MCF, mononuclear cell factor, MNCF, mononuclear cell factor, MP, mitogenic protein, TRF-3, T-cell replacing factor-3, Tumor inhibitory factor-2) (Douvdevani et al, 1994; Lanfrancone et al, 1992)
•• IL1-alpha (IL1A, interleukin-1-alpha, BAF, B-cell activating factor, BCAF, B-cell activating factor, EP, endogenous pyrogens, LAF, lymphocyte activating factor, LEM, leukocyte endogenous mediator, MCF, mononuclear cell factor, MNCF, mononuclear cell factor, MP, mitogenic protein, TRF-3, T-cell replacing factor-3, Tumor inhibitory factor-2) receptors (IL1R, IL1RA, IL1R1, IL1 receptor type 1, IL1RB, IL1R2, IL1 receptor type 2, CD121a, CD121b) (Arici et al, 1996; Douvdevani et al, 1996; Goodman et al, 1992; Hatakeyama et al, 2007; Lanfrancone et al, 1992; Mandl-Weber et al, 2002; Yamaji et al, 2008)
• IL1-beta (IL1B, interleukin-1-beta, Catabolin, H1, Hematopoietin-1, IFN-beta inducing factor, Interleukin-beta, OAF, osteoclast activating factor) (Demetri et al, 1989; Douvdevani et al, 1994; Lanfrancone et al, 1992; Nevado et al, 2005; Shukla et al, 2009; Yao et al, 2005)
•• IL1-beta (IL1B, interleukin-1-beta, Catabolin, H1, Hematopoietin-1, IFN-beta inducing factor, Interleukin-beta, OAF, osteoclast activating factor) receptors (IL1R, IL1RA, IL1R1, IL1 receptor type 1, IL1RB, IL1R2, IL1 receptor type 2, CD121a, CD121b) (Antony et al, 1995; Betjes et al, 1993; Cronauer et al, 1999; Hams et al, 2008; Jayne et al, 2000; Lanfrancone et al, 1992; Li et al, 1998; Martin et al, 2000; Min et al, 2000; Offner et al, 1996; Robson et al, 2001; Stadlmann et al, 2005, 2006; Strippoli et al, 2008; Topley et al, 1993; van Grevenstein et al, 2006; Visser et al, 1998; Yamaji et al, 2008; Yung et al, 1996)
• IL1ra (IL1 receptor antagonist, IL1RN, IL1 inhibitor, IRAP, IL1 receptor antagonist protein, IL1 inhibitory activity, ILS, IL1F3, IL1 family member 3) (Brunkhorst and Mahiout, 1995)
•• IL1 (interleukin-1) receptors (IL1R, IL1RA, IL1R1, IL1 receptor type 1, IL1RB, IL1R2, IL1 receptor type 2, CD121a, CD121b) (Eigenbrod et al, 2009; Man et al, 2003; Yao et al, 2005)
•• IL2 (Interleukin-2, BF, blastogenic factor, EDF, eosinophil differentiation factor, KHF, killer cell helper factor, LMF, lymphocyte mitogenic factor, LPF, lymphocyte proliferation factor, MAF-C I, macrophage-activating factor for cytotoxicity I, PFC-EA, plaque forming cell enhancing factor, SCIF, secondary cytotoxic T-cell inducing factor, TCGF, T-cell growth factor, TCPA, T colony-promoting activity, TDF, thymocyte differentiation factor, T-LPF, T-lymphocyte promotor factor, TMF, thymocyte mitogenic factor, T-cell maturation factor, T-cell mitogenic factor, TRF-3, T-cell replacing factor-3, TSF, thymocyte stimulating factor) receptors (CD25, TAC antigen, Ly43, OX39) (CD122, CD132) (Chen et al, 2004; Jayne et al, 2000; Nasreen et al, 2000)
•• IL4 (Interleukin-4, BCDF-epsilon, B-cell differentiation factor-epsilon, BCDF-gamma, B-cell differentiation factor-gamma, BCGF-gamma, B-cell growth factor-gamma, BCGF-1, B-cell growth factor-1, Binetrakin, BSF-1, B-cell stimulating factor-1, BSF-p1, B-cell stimulating factor p1, EL4-BCGF, EL4 B-cell growth factor, HCGF, Hodgkin's cell growth factor, IgE-EF, IgE enhancing factor, IgG1-enhancing factor, IgG1-induction factor, LMW-BCGF, low molecular weight B-cell growth factor, MaGEF, Mast cell growth enhancing factor, MCGF-2, mast cell growth factor-2, MFF, macrophage fusion factor, Pitrakinra, TCGF-2, T-cell growth factor-2) receptors (CD124) (Katayama et al, 2002; Mohammed et al, 1999)
• IL6 (interleukin-6, 26 kDa protein, BSF-2, B-cell stimulating factor-2, CDF, CAT development factor, choline acetyltransferase development factor, Cytolytic differentiation factor for T-lymphocytes, FDGI, fibroblast-derived growth inhibitor, HGF, hybridoma growth factor, HPGF, hybridoma/plasmacytoma growth factor, HSF, hepatocyte stimulating factor, HSF-1, hepatocyte stimulating factor-1, ILHP1, Interleukin-hemopoietin-1, MGI-2A, Macrophage-granulocyte inducer-2A, Myeloma GF, myeloma growth factor, NKAF, natural killer cell activating factor, TAF, T-cell activating factor, Thymocyte growth factor, TSF, thymocyte stimulating factor) (Bender et al, 2008; Ciszewicz et al, 2007; Eigenbrod et al, 2009; Fujino et al, 1996; Lanfrancone et al, 1992; Menet et al, 2001; Nevado et al, 2005; Sironi et al, 1994; Topley et al, 1993; Witowski et al, 1997, 2004; Wu et al, 2009; Yamaji et al, 2008; Yao et al, 2007; Mey and Henkes, 2002)
•• IL6 (interleukin-6, 26 kDa protein, BSF-2, B-cell stimulating factor-2, CDF, CAT development factor, choline acetyltransferase development factor, Cytolytic differentiation factor for T-lymphocytes, FDGI, fibroblast-derived growth inhibitor, HGF, hybridoma growth factor, HPGF, hybridoma/plasmacytoma growth factor, HSF, hepatocyte stimulating factor, HSF-1, hepatocyte stimulating factor-1, ILHP1, Interleukin-hemopoietin-1, MGI-2A, Macrophage-granulocyte inducer-2A, Myeloma GF, myeloma growth factor, NKAF, natural killer cell activating factor, TAF, T-cell activating factor, Thymocyte growth factor, TSF, thymocyte stimulating factor) receptors (CD126) (Fujino et al, 1996; McLoughlin et al, 2004)
• IL8 (interleukin-8, SCYB8, 3-10C, 9E3, ANAP, anionic neutrophil-activating peptide, Chemotaxin, CEF-4, CT/IL8, CXCL8, CXC chemokine ligand 8, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8, EDNAP, endothelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide, EMF-1, embryo fibroblast protein 1, Emoctakin, ENAP, Endothelial cell neutrophil-activating peptide, FDNAP, Fibroblast-derived neutrophil-activating peptide, FINAP, fibroblast-derived neutrophil-activating protein, GCF, granulocyte chemotactic factor, GCP, granulocyte chemotactic peptide, LAI, leukocyte adhesion inhibitor, LCF, lymphocyte chemotactic factors, LDNAP, leukocyte-derived neutrophil-activating peptide, LIF, leukocyte inhibitory factor, LUCT, lung carcinoma-derived chemotaxin, LYNAP, lymphocyte-derived neutrophil-activating peptide, MDNAP, monocyte-derived neutrophil-activating peptide, MDNCF, monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor, MOC, monocyte-derived chemotaxin, MONAP, monocyte-derived neutrophil-activating peptide, NAF, neutrophil-activating factor, NAP-1, neutrophil-activating protein-1, NCF, neutrophil chemotactic factor, NCP, neutrophil chemotactic protein, PLF, psoriatic leukotactic factor, TCF, T-cell chemotactic factor, TSG-1, Tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene sequence-1) (Acencio et al, 2007; Antony et al, 1995; Arici et al, 1996; Bender et al, 2007; Betjes et al, 1993; Fielding et al, 2005; Goodman et al, 1992; Haslinger et al, 2001; Jonjic et al, 1992; Mey and Henkes, 2002; Ksiazek et al, 2008; Lee et al, 2003; Li et al, 1998; Man et al, 2003; McLoughlin et al, 2004; Shi et al, 2006; Topley et al, 1993; Yao et al, 2007; Zeillemaker et al, 1995)
• IL13 (Interleukin-13, NC30, P600) (Shukla et al, 2009)
•• IL13 (Interleukin-13, NC30, P600) receptors (Bandeira-Melo et al, 2005; Sironi et al, 1994)
• IL15 (Interleukin-15, IL-T, Interleukin T) (Basok et al, 2001; Hausmann et al, 2000)
•• IL17 (Interleukin-17, IL17A, interleukin-17A) receptors (Witowski et al, 2000, 2007)
• IL18 (interleukin-18, IGIF, IFN-gamma inducing factor, IL1-gamma, IL1F4, IL1 family member 4, Iboctadekin) (Darimont et al, 2008)
• integrin-alpha-8 (Pae et al, 2008)
• Intelectin (ITLN, Intelectin-1, ITLN1, HL-1, Endothelial lectin HL-1, XL-35, Omentin, lactoferrin receptor, LFR) (Wali et al, 2005)

• jagged-1 (JAG1, jagged, Serrate-1) (Choi et al, 2008)

•• KGF (keratinocyte growth factor, HBGF-7, heparin binding growth factor-7, FGF-7, fibroblast growth factor-7) receptors (Adamson and Bakowska, 2001; Adamson et al, 2000)

•• Leptin (ob, ob/ob, obese protein, obesity factor) receptors (OBR, CD295, db, db/db, fatty, fa, fa/fa) (Leung et al, 2006; Yang et al, 2007)
• LYVE-1 (lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1, CRSBP-1, Cell surface retention sequence binding protein-1) (Ando et al, 2005)

• M-CSF (macrophage colony stimulating factor, CSF-1, colony stimulating factor-1, CSF-HU, Urinary colony stimulating factor, MGF, macrophage growth factor, MGI-1M, macrophage-granulocyte inducer, op, osteopetrotic, toothless, tl, Lanimostim) (Demetri et al, 1989; Lanfrancone et al, 1992; Tee et al, 2007)
• MD-2 (Ly96, lymphocyte antigen 96, ESOP-1, ES-OP9 coculture clone 1) (Kato et al, 2004)
• MDA-5 (melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5, IFIH1, interferon-induced helicase 1, Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1, Helicard, Helicase with 2 CARD domains, RH116, RNA helicase-DEAD box protein 116, IDMM19) (Wörnle et al, 2009)
• Metallothionein-1 (metallothionein, MT-1) Alscher et al, 2007)
• MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2, EC3.4.24.24, 70 kDa gelatinase, 72 kDa gelatinase, 72 kDa metalloproteinase, collagenase type 4, collagenase type 4A, 72 kDa type IV collagenase, Gelatinase 72 kDa, Gelatinase A, Type IV collagenase, Type IVA collagenase, neutrophil gelatinase) (Chung et al, 2009; Davidson et al, 2001; Haslinger et al, 2000; Ma et al, 1999; Marshall et al, 1993; Martin et al, 2000; Naiki et al, 2005; Ohan et al, 1999; Zhong et al, 2006)
• MMP-3 (matrix metalloproteinase-3, stromelysin-1, STMY1, STR1, SL-1, transin, transin-1, collagenase activating protein, procollagenase activator, proteoglycanase) (Martin et al, 2000)
• MMP-8 (matrix metalloproteinase-8, neutrophil collagenase, PMNL collagenase, polymorphonuclear leukocyte collagenase, collagenase-2, CLG2, CL-2) (Kim et al, 2008)
• MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9, EC3.4.24.35, gelatinase B, 92 kDa gelatinase, 92 kDa type IV collagenase, or PMNL gelatinase, polymorphonuclear leukocyte gelatinase, gelatinase type IV-B, collagenase type 5, collagenase-5, CL-5) (Davidson et al, 2001; Kroczynska and Carbone, 2006; Kroczynska et al, 2006; Marshall et al, 1993; Martin et al, 2000; Ohan et al, 1999; Rougier et al, 1997)
• MMP-11 (matrix metalloproteinase-11, stromelysin-3, STMY3, SL-3, ST-3) (Kim et al, 2008; Kroczynska and Carbone, 2006; Kroczynska et al, 2006; Ma et al, 1999; Marshall et al, 1993; Zhu and He, 2009)
• MMP-13 (matrix metalloproteinase-13, Collagenase-3, CLG3, CL-3) (Higuchi et al, 2005; Kim et al, 2008)
• MMP-14 (matrix metalloproteinase-14, MT1-MMP, Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinase-1, MT-MMP-1, MMP-X1) (Zhong et al, 2006)
• MyD88 (Eigenbrod et al, 2009)

• N-cadherin (Neural cadherin, Cadherin-2, CDH2, A-CAM, adherens junction cell adhesion molecule, CDHN, neural calcium-dependent adhesion protein, CD325) (Pelin et al, 1994)
• neuropilin-1 (Neuropilin, NPN-1, NP-1, NRP1, A5-antigen, BDCA4, Blood dendritic cell antigen 4, VEGF-165R, CD304) (Stoeck et al, 2006)
• nm23 (nonmetastatic gene 23, p19/nm23, EC2.7.4.6, NDP kinase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, NDP kinase A, NDPKA, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase A, nm23A, NDP kinase B, NDPKB, Nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, nm23B, NME1, nonmetastatic cells 1, NME2, nonmetastatic cells 2, Metastasis inhibition factor, nm23-H1, GADD, Granzyme A-activated DNase, I factor, PuF, nm23-H2) (Simone et al, 2001)
• Notch-1 (Notch, TAN-1, translocation-associated notch homolog-1) (Bocchetta et al, 2003; Kroczynska and Carbone, 2006; Yang et al, 2009)

•• Oncostatin M (OSM, OM, Onco M, OnM) receptors (Hams et al, 2008; Hurst et al, 2002)
•• osteopontin (OPN, OP, Osp, 2ar, 44 kDa bone phosphoprotein, 66 kDa bone phosphoprotein, bone sialoprotein, bone sialoprotein-1, BSP, BSP1, BSPI, Calcium oxalate crystal growth inhibitor protein, Eta-1, early T-lymphocyte activation protein 1, Nephropontin, Spp-1, Secreted Phosphoprotein-1, transformation-related phosphoprotein, tumor-secreted phosphoprotein, urinary stone protein, Uropontin) receptors (Cui et al, 2009)

• PAI-1 (Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI, plasminogen activator inhibitor, endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor, Serpin E1, MSF, monocyte suppressor factor, EIP-1, EGF-inducible protein 1, mesosecrin) (Aarons et al, 2007; Bergström et al, 2003; Bergström et al, 2006; Chung et al, 2009; Cicila et al, 1989; Ciszewicz et al, 2007; Gago et al, 2006; Iakhiaev et al, 2007; Idell et al, 1992; Ivarsson et al, 1998; Katsutani et al, 2007; Liu et al, 2003; Liu et al, 2006; Mandl-Weber et al, 1999; Min et al, 2000; Rougier et al, 1998; Sitter et al, 2003; van Hinsbergh et al, 1990; Yamashita et al, 1995)
• PAI-2 (Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, placental plasminogen activator inhibitor, epidermal plasminogen activator inhibitor, monocyte-derived plasminogen activator inhibitor, Monocyte Arg-serpin, PLANH2, urokinase inhibitor, PP10, placental protein 10, Serpin B2) (Idell et al, 1992; Ivarsson et al, 1998; van Hinsbergh et al, 1990; Whawell et al, 1995)
• PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF-1, PDGF-2, PDGF-A, PDGF-AA, PDGF-B, PDGF-BB, FDGF, fibroblast-derived growth factor, GDGF, glioma-derived growth factor-1, GDGF-2, glioma-derived growth factor-2, GSM, Glucocorticoid-suppressible mitogenic activity, MDF, mesangial cell proliferating factor, MDGF, monocyte-derived growth factor, OBIF, osteoblastogenesis inhibitory factor, ODGF, osteosarcoma-derived growth factor, T47D factor) (Bird et al, 1998; Kang et al, 2008; Shukla et al, 2009; Versnel et al, 1991; Waters et al, 1997)
•• PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF-1, PDGF-2, PDGF-A, PDGF-AA, PDGF-B, PDGF-BB, FDGF, fibroblast-derived growth factor, GDGF, glioma-derived growth factor-1, GDGF-2, glioma-derived growth factor-2, GSM, Glucocorticoid-suppressible mitogenic activity, MDF, mesangial cell proliferating factor, MDGF, monocyte-derived growth factor, OBIF, osteoblastogenesis inhibitory factor, ODGF, osteosarcoma-derived growth factor, T47D factor) receptors (Ascoli et al, 1995; Bermudez et al, 1990; Bird et al, 1998; Cina et al, 2009; Gabrielson et al, 1988; Heldin et al, 1992; Hung et al, 2001; Langerak et al, 1996; Mutsaers et al, 1997; Ohan et al, 1999; Pierro et al, 1996; Versnel et al, 1991; Zhong et al, 2006; Ross et al, 1998)
• PI9 (proteinase inhibitor-9, Serpin B9, CAP3, cytoplasmic antiproteinase 3, serine proteinase inhibitor-6, SPI-6) (Buzza et al, 2001)
• Plexin-B2 (PLXNB2, MM1) (Sun et al, 2004)
• podoplanin (PDPN, T1A, T1A2, T1-alpha, gp36, gp40, RTI40, gp38, OTS8, E11 antigen, AGGRUS, RANDAM-2, PA2.26) (Kimura and Kimura, 2005; Schacht et al, 2005; Scholl et al, 1999)

• RAGE (receptor for advanced glycosylation end products, AGER, advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor) (Boulanger et al, 2002; Boulanger et al, 2007; Lai et al, 2004)
• RICK (RIP-like interacting CLARP kinase, RIPK-2, receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase, CARDIAK, CARD containing IL1-beta converting enzyme-associated kinase, RIP-2, receptor interacting protein-2) (Park et al, 2007)
• RIG-I (Retinoic acid inducible gene-I, DDX58, DEAD box polypeptide 58, DEAD/H BOX 58) (Hatakeyama et al, 2007; Wörnle et al, 2009)

• SCF (stem cell factor, HLGF-1, hemolymphopoietic growth factor-1), KL, kit ligand, KITL, KITLG, Mast/stem cell growth factor, MGF, mast cell growth factor, SLF, steel factor) (Hoyer et al, 2005)
• Semaphorin 3A (SEMA3A, SEMA1, Semaphorin 3, sema III, collapsin-1, coll-1, Hsema-I, Semaphorin D, Sem D, SEMAD) (Catalano et al, 2004)
• SMAD2 (Sma and Mad related protein-2, JV18-1, MADR2, Mad-related protein 2, MADH2, Mothers against DPP homolog 2, Mothers against DPP homolog 2) (Chung et al, 2009; Yao et al, 2004; Zhang et al, 2005)
• SMAD3 (Sma and Mad related protein-3, MADH3, Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3, Mothers against DPP homolog 3, JV15-2) (Chung et al, 2009; Yao et al, 2004; Zhang et al, 2005)
• SMAD4 (Sma and Mad related protein-4, DPC-4, deleted in pancreatic carcinoma 4, MADH4, Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4, Mothers against DPP homolog 4, DPC-4, deleted in pancreatic carcinoma 4) (Yao et al, 2004; Liu et al, 2009)
• SMAD7 (Sma and Mad related protein-7, MADH7, Mothers against DPP homolog 7, Mothers against DPP homolog 7, CRCS3, colorectal cancer susceptibility 3) (Yao et al, 2007; Zhang et al, 2005)
• SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, osteonectin, BM-40, 43K glycoprotein) (Puolakkainen et al, 1999)
• STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-3, APRF, acute phase response factor, STAT3-alpha, STAT3-beta, STAT3-gamma, STAT3-delta) (Mey and Henkes, 2002; Fielding et al, 2005)
• STAT5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-5, STAT5a, STAT5b) (Vorobiov et al, 2008)
• surfactant protein A (SP-A, collectin-4, SFTP1, surfactant-associated protein, pulmonary 1) (Chailley-Heu et al, 1998)
• surfactant protein D (SP-D, collectin-7, SFTP4, surfactant-associated protein, pulmonary 4, CP4) (Chailley-Heu et al, 1998)
• Syndecan-1 (CD138, syndecan, SDC1, Synd1, SD-1, 104-9 antigen, 1D4 antigen, B-B2 antigen, B-B4 antigen, Mi15) (Saqi et al, 2005)

• TFPI (tissue factor pathway inhibitor, TFPI-1, tissue factor pathway inhibitor-1, PP5, placental protein 5, EPI, extrinsic pathway inhibitor, LACI, lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor, REF-1, RPE cell factor, retinal pigment epithelial cell factor-1) (Bajaj et al, 2000; Idell et al, 1998)
•• TGF-alpha (transforming growth factor-alpha, TGFA, TGF-A, MDGF-2, milk-derived growth factor-2, TCGF, transformed cell growth factor, wa-1, waved-1) receptors (Palmer et al, 1999; Pierro et al, 1996)
• TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta, TGFB, B-TGF, Aqueous humor lymphocyte inhibitory activity, DIF, differentiation-inhibiting factor, EGI, epithelial cell-specific growth inhibitor; epithelial growth inhibitor, EIF, Epstein-Barr virus inducing factor, Epithelial cell growth inhibiting factor, G-TsF, glioma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, MDGF, milk-derived growth factor, MGF, milk growth factor, Polyergin, Simian BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor, SP factor, TCGF, transformed cell growth factor, TGI, tissue-derived growth inhibitor, TIF-1, tumor inducing factor-1) (Kumar-Singh et al, 1999; Leung et al, 2006)
•• TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta, TGFB, B-TGF, Aqueous humor lymphocyte inhibitory activity, DIF, differentiation-inhibiting factor, EGI, epithelial cell-specific growth inhibitor; epithelial growth inhibitor, EIF, Epstein-Barr virus inducing factor, Epithelial cell growth inhibiting factor, G-TsF, glioma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, MDGF, milk-derived growth factor, MGF, milk growth factor, Polyergin, Simian BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor, SP factor, TCGF, transformed cell growth factor, TGI, tissue-derived growth inhibitor, TIF-1, tumor inducing factor-1) receptors (Idell et al, 1992; Leung et al, 2009; Martin et al, 2000; Szeto et al, 2005; Szeto et al, 2006; Zarrinkalam et al, 2003; Zhang et al, 2008)
• TGF-beta-1 (transforming growth factor-beta-1, CIF-A, cartilage inducing factor A, ISF, immunosuppressive factor, MGF-b, milk growth factor, PDGI, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth inhibitor) (Acencio et al, 2007; Bermudez et al, 1990; Ciszewicz et al, 2007; Fujikawa et al, 2003; Kyuden et al, 2005; Langerak et al, 1996; Liu et al, 2006; Naiki et al, 2005; Noh et al, 2005; Offner et al, 1996; Peng et al, 2007; Rougier et al, 1997; Saed et al, 2000; Xie et al, 2005; Yao et al, 2007)
•• TGF-beta-1 (transforming growth factor-beta-1, CIF-A, cartilage inducing factor A, ISF, immunosuppressive factor, MGF-b, milk growth factor, PDGI, platelet-derived endothelial cell growth inhibitor) receptors (Chung et al, 2009; Gabrielson et al, 1988; Iakhiaev et al, 2007; Langerak et al, 1996; Liu et al, 2003; Liu et al, 2007; Liu et al, 2009; Ma et al, 1999; Min et al, 2000; Park et al, 2007; Rougier et al, 1998; Strippoli et al, 2008; Yang et al, 2007; Zhong et al, 2006)
• TGF-beta-2 (transforming growth factor-beta-2, TGFB2, G-TsF, Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, CIF-B, cartilage inducing factor B, Corneal epithelial inhibitor of stromal cell collagenase synthesis, DSF, decidual suppressor factor, MGF-a, milk growth factor) (Offner et al, 1996; Saed et al, 2000)
•• TGF-beta-2 (transforming growth factor-beta-2, TGFB2, G-TsF, Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor, CIF-B, cartilage inducing factor B, Corneal epithelial inhibitor of stromal cell collagenase synthesis, DSF, decidual suppressor factor, MGF-a, milk growth factor) receptors (Gary Lee et al, 2002; Lee et al, 2003)
•• TGF-beta-3 (transforming growth factor-beta-3, TGFB3) receptors (Kalomenidis et al, 2005)
•• Thrombin (coagulation factor-2, factor IIa) receptors (protease activated receptors PAR1, PAR2, PAR3) (Haslinger et al, 2000; Hott et al, 1992; Hott et al, 1995; Iakhiaev et al, 2007; Kimura et al, 2000; Kothari et al, 2009; Mandl-Weber et al, 1999; Mandl-Weber et al, 2002)
• TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1, TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases, HCI, human collagenase inhibitor, CLGI, 3/10, 16C8, Fibroblast elongation factor, fibroblast collagenase inhibitor, B1 anticollagenase, Beta-1 anticollagenase, EPA, erythroid promoting activity, embryogenin-1, TPA-S1, TPA-induced protein S1) (Haslinger et al, 2000; Kim et al, 2008; Ma et al, 1999; Marshall et al, 1993; Martin et al, 2000; Zhu and He, 2009)
• TIMP-2 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2, CSC-21K, MI, CHIAMP, Chondrocyte-derived inhibitor of angiogenesis and metalloproteinase activity) (Davidson et al, 2001; Kim et al, 2008; Ma et al, 1999; Martin et al, 2000; Naiki et al, 2005)
• TIMP-3 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3, TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3, mitogen-inducible gene 5, mig-5; SFD, Sorsby fundus dystrophy) (Martin et al, 2000)
• Tissue factor (TF, TFA, thromboplastin, tissue thromboplastin, CD142, factor III, factor 3, F3, FIII, coagulation factor III) (Ross et al, 1998; Bottles et al, 1997; Kothari et al, 2009; Ohan et al, 2001; Verhagen et al, 1995)
• TLR-1 (Toll-like receptor-1, rsc786, randomly sequenced cDNA 786, TIL, Toll-interleukin-1 receptor-like, CD281) (Hussain et al, 2008)
• TLR-2 (Toll-like receptor-2, TIL-4, Toll-interleukin-1 receptor-like-4, Ly105, lymphocyte antigen 105, CD282) (Hussain et al, 2008; Park et al, 2007; Wörnle et al, 2009)
• TLR-3 (Toll-like receptor-3, CD283) (Park et al, 2007; Wörnle et al, 2009)
• TLR-4 (Toll-like receptor-4, human Toll, TOLL, Ly87, Rasl2-8, CD284) (Hussain et al, 2008; Kato et al, 2004; Park et al, 2007; Wu et al, 2009)
• TLR-5 [Toll-like receptor-5, TIL-3, Toll-interleukin-1 receptor-like-3) (Hussain et al, 2008; Park et al, 2007)
• TLR-6 (toll-like receptor-6, CD286) (Hussain et al, 2008)
• TLR-7 (Toll-like receptor-7) (Hussain et al, 2008)
• TLR-8 (Toll-like receptor-8, CD288) (Hussain et al, 2008)
• TLR-9 (Toll-like receptor-9, A6RP, A6-related protein, CD289) (Hussain et al, 2008)
• TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNFSF2, TNF ligand superfamily member 2, Cachectin, CF, cytotoxic factor, CTX, cytotoxin, DIF, differentiation inducing factor, EP, endogenous pyrogens, Hemorrhagic factor, Macrophage-derived cytotoxic factor, J774-derived cytotoxic factor, MCF, macrophage cytotoxic factor, MCT, macrophage cytotoxin, MD-FGF, monocyte-derived fibroblast growth factor, PCF, peritoneal cytotoxic factor, RCF, Released cytotoxic factor) (Nevado et al, 2005; Wu et al, 2009; Xie et al, 2005; Yang et al, 2006; Yao et al, 2005)
•• TNF-alpha (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNFSF2, TNF ligand superfamily member 2, Cachectin, CF, cytotoxic factor, CTX, cytotoxin, DIF, differentiation inducing factor, EP, endogenous pyrogens, Hemorrhagic factor, Macrophage-derived cytotoxic factor, J774-derived cytotoxic factor, MCF, macrophage cytotoxic factor, MCT, macrophage cytotoxin, MD-FGF, monocyte-derived fibroblast growth factor, PCF, peritoneal cytotoxic factor, RCF, Released cytotoxic factor) receptors (Antony et al, 1995; Arici et al, 1996; Betjes et al, 1993; Chen et al, 2003; Chung et al, 2009; Demetri et al, 1989; Douvdevani et al, 1996; Goodman et al, 1992; Idell et al, 1992; Ivarsson et al, 1998; Jayne et al, 2000; Jonjic et al, 1992; Katayama et al, 2002; Li et al, 1998; Man et al, 2003; Mandl-Weber et al, 2002; Min et al, 2000; Mutsaers et al, 1997; Robson et al, 2001; Stadlmann et al, 2005; Stadlmann et al, 2006; Topley et al, 1993; Topley et al, 1993; van Grevenstein et al, 2006; Visser et al, 1998; Witowski et al, 2007; Yamaji et al, 2008; Yang et al, 2006)
• tPA (tissue plasminogen activator, tissue-type plasminogen activator, PLAT, plasminogen activator, tissue) (Aarons et al, 2007; Gago et al, 2006; Idell et al, 1992; Ivarsson et al, 1998; Rougier et al, 1998; Sitter et al, 2003; van Hinsbergh et al, 1990; Katsutani et al, 2007)
•• TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand, APO-2 ligand, APO-2L, TL2, TNF-like-2, TNF ligand superfamily member 10, TNFSF10, Ly81, CD253) receptors (Catalan et al, 2003)

• uPA (Ivarsson et al, 1998; Rougier et al, 1998)
• urotensin-2 (UTS-2, UTN-2, U2) (Russell et al, 2004)

• VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-1, vascular endothelial growth factor-1, VEG/PF, vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor, GD-VEGF, glioma-derived vascular endothelial growth factor, VAS, Vasculotropin, Vascular endothelial cell proliferation factor, VPF, vascular permeability factor, FSdGF, Folliculo stellate cell-derived growth factor) (Acencio et al, 2007; Boulanger et al, 2007; Ciszewicz et al, 2007; Cui et al, 2009; Fujikawa et al, 2003; Gary Lee et al, 2002; Hatakeyama et al, 2007; Kroczynska and Carbone, 2006; Ksiazek et al, 2008; Kumar-Singh et al, 1999; Lai et al, 2004; Liu et al, 2007; Mandl-Weber et al, 2002; Sako et al, 2005; Sauter et al, 2007; Shukla et al, 2009; Stadlmann et al, 2005; Szeto et al, 2005; Witowski et al, 2004; Yao et al, 2007; Zhang et al, 2008)
•• VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-1, vascular endothelial growth factor-1, VEG/PF, vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor, GD-VEGF, glioma-derived vascular endothelial growth factor, VAS, Vasculotropin, Vascular endothelial cell proliferation factor, VPF, vascular permeability factor, FSdGF, Folliculo stellate cell-derived growth factor) receptors (Catalano et al, 2004; Leung et al, 2009)
• VEGF-121 (VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-1, vascular endothelial growth factor-1, VEG/PF, vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor, GD-VEGF, glioma-derived vascular endothelial growth factor, VAS, Vasculotropin, Vascular endothelial cell proliferation factor, VPF, vascular permeability factor, FSdGF, Folliculo stellate cell-derived growth factor) (Jayne et al, 2000; Sako et al, 2003)
• VEGF-165 (VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A, VEGF-1, vascular endothelial growth factor-1, VEG/PF, vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor, GD-VEGF, glioma-derived vascular endothelial growth factor, VAS, Vasculotropin, Vascular endothelial cell proliferation factor, VPF, vascular permeability factor, FSdGF, Folliculo stellate cell-derived growth factor) (Jayne et al, 2000; Sako et al, 2003)
• VEGFR1 (VEGF receptor-1, flt, fms-like tyrosine kinase, flt-1, fms-like tyrosine kinase-1; FRT, fms-related tyrosine kinase) (Hatakeyama et al, 2007)
• VEGFR2 (VEGF receptor-2, KDR, kinase insert domain receptor, flk-1, fetal liver kinase-1, CD309, Quek-1, quail endothelial kinase-1) (Hatakeyama et al, 2007)

• ZL5 autocrine activity (Lauber et al, 1992)

For other relevant entries see also: Cell types.

LAST MODIFIED: September 2009

See REFERENCES for entry mesothelial cells

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