Cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 3 |
cytochrome C(70-85) |
AUF1- and signal transduction-regulated complex |
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Cytochrome C, abbr. also Cytc, Cyto-c, encoded by the CYCS gene, is an evolutionarily conserved nuclear-encoded heme protein located in mitochondria where it plays a critical role in mitochondrial respiratory chain protein supercomplexes that ultimately generates ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Cytochrome C serves as a mitochondrial redox carrier that transfers electrons between the membrane-embedded complexes III and IV (for overview see: Winge, 2012; Kühlbrandt, 2015). The human gene has been cloned by Evans and Scarpulla (1988). Cytochrome C also is a scavenger of reactive oxygen species, which are generated in mitochondria as a direct result of the very nature of the electron transport chain (Korshunov et al, 1999; Pereverzev et al, 2003; Wang et al, 2003).
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