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a general collective term that has been used to refer to substances produced by bacteria which can selectively induce the synthesis of both pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines and are used to subvert host responses directed against the infecting organism (Henderson et al, 1996, 1998, 1999; Henderson and Wilson, 1996; Wilson et al, 1998). This term is used in particular for host-regulatory proteins. A more general term for microbial substances with activities resembling those of cytokines is Bacteriokine. For another general term see also: Modulins.
One example of a bacteriokine encoded in the genome of Salmonella typhimurium is STI [Salmonella typhimurium-derived T-cell inhibitor]. Mihara et al (1993) have described A
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