Protaetin-3 |
protease-activated kringles 1-5 |
NLRP11 |
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Protaetin-1, Protaetin-2, and Protaetin-3 have been purified from immunized larval hemolymph of Protaetia brevitarsis, a fruit tree pest in Korea (Yoon et al, 2003). Protaetins show antibacterial activities against a panel of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.
The Protaetin-1 sequence shows 99 % homology with holotricin-2, an antibacterial peptide from Holotrichia diomphalia. The protaetin-1 gene is expressed strongly in the fat body after Escherichia coli injection, but not in normal fat body. It is expressed also in the gut after immunization but at much lower levels than in the fat body.
For other proteins/peptides with functions in innate immunity
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