Matrix metalloproteinases

(abbr. MMPs). These enzymes, known collectively also as matrixins, are zinc-dependent endopeptidases that function extracellularly at neutral pH. For full activity these enzymes also require extrinsic calcium ions. Matrix proteases contain a conserved catalytic domain that is characterized by three histidine residues complexing a zinc atom to form the active site. Many of these enzymes also contain a hemopexin domain that regulates diverse functional activities of these enzymes. Since the activities of MMPs are potentially dangerous in a cellular environment their expression is controlled tightly at the transcriptional and/or post-translational level (see: Piperi and Papavassiliou, 2012 for overview).

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Entry last modified: April 2021