oncogenerative multinucleated cancer cells |
oncogene addiction |
growth stimulating-/cholecystokinin releasing-peptide |
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[oncogene, oncogenic]
Some retroviruses rapidly induce tumors when inoculated into animals and can transform cells in vitro. Oncogenes were detected initially as retroviral genes directly responsible for the immortalisation of eukaryotic cells and malignant transformation both in vitro and in vivo. Many of the viral oncogenes (general abbr. v-onc) have homologous cellular counterparts (general abbr. c-onc) known as proto-oncogenes. Evidence indicates that viral onc genes originated from cellular genes by recombination between a parent non-transforming virus and host cellular DNA. Their gene products are generally referred to as oncoproteins. Proto-oncogenes
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