chondroprogenitor cells |
Chondrosarcoma-derived growth factor |
SMT3B |
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Roach et al (2004) have reviewed the morphological differences of cell death in dying chondrocytes and compared them to those observed in classical apoptotic cells. They have proposed the term chondroptosis to reflect the fact that these cells are undergoing apoptosis in a non-classical manner that involves the endoplasmic reticulum and does not depend on phagocytosis. Chondroptosis involves an initial increase in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, reflecting an increase in protein synthesis. The increased ER membranes also segment the cytoplasm and provide compartments within which cytoplasm and organelles are digested. In addition, destruction occurs within autophagic vacuoles
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