Autophosphorylation

This term refers to the phosphorylation, i.e. the transfer of phosphate groups, to amino acids within a protein possessing the activity of a protein kinase such as in many receptors for cytokines (see also: PTK; protein tyrosine kinase).

Autophosphorylation reactions are observed frequently following the binding of a ligand to a receptor with intrinsic protein kinase activity. The binding of a ligand first induces the formation of receptor dimers. An autophosphorylation therefore is really a transphosphorylation reaction in which one receptor subunit of the dimer phosphorylates the other subunit. The induction of tyrosine phosphorylation is usually transient and returns to basal level within 20 to 30 minutes. Dephosphorylation is mediated by (specific) protein tyrosine phosphatases (see, for example: HCP ... ... ... ...
 
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Entry last modified: April 2002